mechanical engineering projects: January 2018

Tuesday, January 30, 2018

Monday, January 29, 2018

Tuesday, January 23, 2018

Water kit Rain alarm Pulse dryer automatic Cloth drying Tank over flow Dam Automatic agriculture Titlt Alaram using Water kit Lake over flow Urine indicater Wash basin Clap Robo Fire fighting Robo Mine deduction robo School attendance issueing Robo

Sunday, January 21, 2018

Water has welding

https://youtu.be/tuj6_RC9sKo

Welding machine from old ups

https://youtu.be/FssOdwMf5xg

Water Arc welding machine

https://youtu.be/HTJKksnurS0

5minuts welding machine

https://youtu.be/zciJgT1XNvk

How induction Heater working

https://youtu.be/_v5Hg2zfLjs

Inspection conveyer

https://youtu.be/h6hOnagsYWQ

Electronic s

https://youtu.be/k9jcHB9tWko

Clutch animation

https://youtu.be/devo3kdSPQY

Carburetor vs fuel injector

https://youtu.be/AwXRvgyFUG4

MECHANICAL ENGG MINI PROJECT GEAR CUTTING ATTACHMENT FOR LATHE- HI-TECH...

PhantoGraph amazing mechanical Engineering project 2017 Life hacks

Impact Testing machine | Lastest Mechanical engineering project 2017 |

Robotic gripper mechanical projects

MECHANICAL FABRICATION PROJECTS-TIMED KINEMATIC TRANSPORT SYSTEM

AUTOMOBILE ENGG PROJECT POWER STEERING SYSTEM (PNEUMATIC)

Rocker-Bogie Mechanism

Mechanical Engineering project Box Transport Mechanism

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING FINAL YEAR PROJECT DIPLOMA CONVEYOR SHIFTING BO...

Inspection conveyor / material dimention analysing robot / dimension ins...

MECHANICAL ENGG PROJECT HALF PEDALING RECIPROCATING CYCLE(EXERCISE CYCLE)

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING PROJECT IDEAS,AUTO INDEXING AND GEAR CUTTING ATTA...

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING PROJECT AUTOMATIC CONVEYOR WITH PNEUMATIC REJECTI...

Final year project of Conveyor Belt.flv

Automatic Door Sliding Mechanism

Packaging Mechanism Using ROBOX

CONVEYOR BELT SORTING MECHANISM

PLC/RobotC/Vex Conveyor/Sorting Machine Project

Geneva wheel conveyor belt mechanical engineering project topics

Homemade Angle Grinder Stand / Angle Grinder Support..

10 life hacks with hot glue for your home. Handmade things and other use...

2 ?? New Grinder Hacks

pneumatic punching machine

Auto feed pneumatic drilling machine mechanical engineering project topics

PLC controlled pneumatic arm for material handling.wmv

pneumatic auto gear changer shifter mechanical engineering project topics

piegatrice per pressa fai da te (homemade press brake)

Hydraulic power pack

Making hydraulic cylinder

MECHANICAL ENGG PROJECT PNEUMATIC RIVITING MACHINE HI-TECH RESEARCH FOU...

AIR ENGINE MECHANICAL MINI PROJECT

grass cutting machine || Paddy Cutting-machine

Simple Rice Harvester

Multi Purpose Agri Cutter Machine ♦ Final Year Mechanical Project

Design & Fabrication on Mini Lathe Machine

design and fabrication automatic conveyor

Automated Conveyor Belt project for Mechanical Engineering

https://youtu.be/PKXynvmxnps

Two wheele type tracter

https://youtu.be/PKXynvmxnps

Multi Agri Cutter | Mechanical Project Topics

Solor agribot

https://youtu.be/xMD73YEOMxo

Agri bot

https://youtu.be/0adWFaq2-n0

Agri culture project by psg

https://youtu.be/xCHyPgqmXF0

Three phase Induction Motor Speed controller using TMS320F28027

How to Control Brushless Motor Using Arduino

Control Brushless Motor Using Arduino

Arduino Tut#16 - DC Motor Drives, Voltage, Direction, H-Bridge, PWM

ardrino

http://farhek.com/vf/kramer-pietikainen-tahlia/

3 Phase HDD Motor Run in 4500 RPM Speed Using Arduino

Flowcode-Arduino ESC BLDC Motor 3 phase

ESC electronic speed controller with arduino ALL EXPLAINED

Friday, January 19, 2018

Bldc motor speed cont

https://youtu.be/m9hYU-yYYW4

Speed control of 3 phase motor

https://youtu.be/8LXPcJD6hEA

Saturday, January 13, 2018

http://thecircuitdiagrams.blogspot.in/2014/02/150-in-one-electronic-project-kit-kit.html

robot model

robot model
http://www.kitsguru.com/robotics-kits-and-projects?page=3

snap ciruit book

https://www.pololu.com/file/download/SnapCircuitProjects1-101.pdf?file_id=0J172 https://www.robotshop.com/media/files/pdf/elenco-snap-circuits-300-in-1-manual.pdf

https://www.elenco.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/SC-750_REV-E-3.pdf

How to Build a Snap Circuits FM Radio

Snap Circuits® Pro - Model: SC-500

How To Build DIY Kids Working FM Radio Snap Project

How I Learned to Code - and Got a Job at Google!

Learn How To Make An App In Less Than 25min

How to Make an App for Beginners (2018) - Lesson 1

Android Studio For Beginners Part 1

Tuesday, January 9, 2018

Scratch Tutorial: How to create an awesome Racing Game!

Scratch Basics [HD]

Scratch Tutorial 1: Make Your First Program

B2P2 robot climbing stairs

URDP Controlling through voice commands

robotic

https://softroboticstoolkit.com/
https:
//learn.adafruit.com/wifi-controlled-mobile-robot/introductionhttps:
//www.intorobotics.com/page/14/
http://www.therobotics.in/Robotics_course.aspx

International Robotics Challenge Grand Finale 2014, Techfest IIT Bombay

Overhaul Robotics In IIT Kgp

EZ InMoov

EZ-Robot Personal Robot Complete Kit and EZ-B Controller Introduction

Detect Multiple Colors with your robot

Make a Mobile App for Your Robot

Android Robot App Tutorial

doodle app inventer pdf

http://explore.appinventor.mit.edu/sites/all/files/hourofcode/DigitalDoodle.pdf

Different Types of Sensors and their Working

Monday, January 8, 2018

App Inventor 2 Android Bluetooth PC Gamepad with Arduino

app inventor angry birds game tutorial make angry birds app Inventor par...

Architecture Components: Room

How to Create a Simple Android Game Lesson 4

Saturday, January 6, 2018

Robotics: This DIY Robot Kit is Your Kid's Next Project

SwarmRobotics

http://students.iitk.ac.in/eclub/assets/documentations/summer16/SwarmRobotics.pdf

Multi function Robot

Line following robot (fast mode)

Dancing Robot

Building Remote Controller Robot (Concepts)

LEDs and the terminals

How to make a Robot : building a very simple robot platform

How to make a Robot: Making an obstacle detection robot

Line Following Algorithm

What is Line following?

Ever wondered what line following is in the robotics language?!. Its a method by which a robot navigates from one position to another by following a line. This line is usually a white line against a darker background or a black line against a brighter background. Colleges and universities conduct these "Line following" event as a competition held against many other college students. Students participate in such events with a robot they have designed. The robots execute the program on these tracks prepared specially for the event.An assessment will be made based on the time taken and how well the bot followed line, without missing a part of it. If you think you should be participating in such an even, go ahead and read the description below.

How to make a bot follow the line?

Its important to have a line sensor to track and detect the line. The line sensor is usually made using IR sensors. The position\number of these sensors depends on the complexity of the track to be solved.You can try out various position and numbers to make your robot efficient for following a line.There is no fixed layout for the best performance, as this varies based on the track. But its a trend to follow the "Straight line Array" layout.

A micro controller is very much required to read the line sensor output for the position of the robot.Once the position of the robot on the line is read, a decision has to be made to move the robot so that the line is in the center of the robot. Its always necessary to make sure that the line is on the center of the robot(Line sensor) this will enable the robot to move on the track.

Below are some cases which is encountered while following the line and actions to be taken.

S1,S2,S3,S4 are the line sensor elements.

This is the most basic position encountered while following a line.As seen in the pic, the sensor s2 and s3 gets activated as they lie directly on the line. This indicates that the line is at the center of the robot, and hence the robot can simply move forward.To move forward we need to make both motors M1 and M2 to rotate in the forward directions.

Detecting a line deviating towards right.The sensor s3 and s4 gets activated as they lie directly on the line. This indicates that the line is at the right of the robot. Now the robot has to align itself so that the line is at the center of the robot and then move forward till the next deviation.To align the robot to the line, the robot has to make a right turn. To turn right, the motor M1 should move forward and speed of M2 should either be reduced or stopped based on the angle of the turn.

Detecting a line deviating towards Left.The sensor s1 and s2 gets activated as they lie directly on the line. This indicates that the line is at the left of the robot. Now the robot has to align itself so that the line is at the center of the robot and then move forward till the next deviation.To align the robot to the line, the robot has to make a left turn. To turn left, the motor M2 should move forward and speed of M1 should either be reduced or stopped based on the angle of the turn.

Detecting a sharp right deviation.The sensor s2,s3 and s4 gets activated as they lie directly on the line. This indicates that the line is at the sharp right of the robot. Now the robot has to align itself so that the line is at the center of the robot and then move forward till the next deviation.To align the robot to the line, the robot has to make a sharp right turn. To make a sharp right turn, the motor M1 should move forward and M2 should be reversed.

The sensors being activated in such case depends on the position of the robot. Alternatively, only s4 or only s3 and s4 may be activated for such scenario.

Detecting a sharp left deviation.The sensor s2,s3 and s1 gets activated as they lie directly on the line. This indicates that the line is at the sharp left of the robot. Now the robot has to align itself so that the line is at the center of the robot and then move forward till the next deviation.To align the robot to the line, the robot has to make a sharp left turn. To make a sharp left turn, the motor M2 should move forward and M1 should be reversed.

The sensors being activated in such case depends on the position of the robot. Alternatively, only s1 or only s1 and s2 may be activated for such scenario.

Wall following algorithm

What is wall following?

A robot needs a reference for its movement from one location to another. One way of doing this is by following a line. The other way is to use the existing walls around us to guide the robot to move from one location to another.A robot uses the obstacle/range sensor to do this job.A robot can be designed to either follow a wall on the left side or on the right side. This is useful for solving a maze, which is similar to following the wall.

How to follow the wall?

The simplest and efficient way for a robot to follow the wall is to use three IR obstacle sensors s1,s2 and s3 on either side of the robot. S1 and S3 is used to follow the wall, while S2 is used to maintain a safe distance from the wall at all time. A micro controller reads the IR sensor output and makes decision in the manner explained below.It is necessary to make sure at all the time, that the robot is neither far away(robot will loose its path) from the wall or too close to the wall(avoid collision).

Note: It is also possible to use a single IR/Ultrasonic range finder mounted on servo to scan the distance over a range.This is slightly a complicated design involving expensive components. We will cover this topic in the later section.

The algorithm for following the wall is explained in detail below:

For a Bot to follow and move along the wall, it is always necessary to keep its position parallel to the wall.

When a robot is parallel to the wall at a safe distance from the wall, sensor S1 and S3 are both activated. This state can be read by the micro controller and move the motors in both forward direction. This results in the robot following the wall.

When a robot starts to move away from the wall either because of the wall, or because of the change in direction of the robot, the sensor S1 is deactivated as its distance from the wall is now increased.

But the sensor S3 is still active which means , the robot is not too far off from the wall. Its just directed away from the wall. To make the robot align parallel to the wall, the robot has to move close to the wall. To achieve this Motor M2 is stopped and M1 is in forward direction.

The bot should continue in this direction till the sensor S1 is activated but not S2.

When a robot starts to move towards the wall either because of the wall, or because of the change in direction of the robot, the sensor S3 is deactivated as its distance from the wall is now increased.

But the sensor S1 is still active which means , the robot is just directed towards the wall. To make the robot align parallel to the wall, the robot has to move away from the wall. To achieve this Motor M1 is stopped and M2 is in forward direction.

The bot should continue in this direction till the sensor S3 is activated but not S2.

As mentioned earlier it is always necessary for a robot to keep a safe distance from the wall. When a robot moves too close to the wall, all the sensors S1, S2 and S3 are all activated. Now the robot has to be moved away from the wall. This is done by moving the motor M2 in forward direction and M1 being stopped.

Note: The position of all the sensors need not be placed as described in the pic. The range of the sensor S2 has to be set low if all the sensors are in a straight line. If the range cannot be adjusted, then the sensor S2 can be placed at a longer distance as in the pictures.

Obstacle avoidance/detection mechanism

What is obstacle avoidance/detection?

A robot is made smarter by adding on sensors which will increase its intelligence. Reading and understanding of a robots environment gives the robot with enormous amount or artificial intelligence. Very basic sense required for an autonomous robot would be to gather details of objects around it. When a robot is required to move from one point to another by itself, it need to understand the obstacles present around it. At a very basic level the information about the surroundings will be the distance of the obstacles from the robot and their position with respect to the robots position. When the robot has capability to extract this information, it can easily navigate without any collision.

How to make a robot avoid/detect an obstacle?

We need to embed the robot with sensors around it to extract the information about the obstacles surrounding it. The simplest way of doing this is by adding bump sensors(Push button for ex) around the robot. When a robot collides with the obstacle around it, the switch is pressed, this gives a signal to the robot that it has bumped into an obstacle. By having multiple sensors around the robot, the switch activating the signal will give the position of the obstacle with respect to the robot.

By using infrared/ultrasonic sensors, the robot can detect the presence of obstacle around it without any contact with it. This feature can be expanded to measure the distance between the bot and the obstacle to get a digital map of its surrounding.

Obstacle avoidance/detection Algorithm.

We shall consider the robot equipped with three infrared sensors S1, S2 and S3 starting from left. Based on the position of the obstacle the appropriate sensors are activated. Activated sensors are shown in orange. Let us consider the basic scenarios encountered.

Case 1: No Obstacle (All the three sensors are deactivated).

When there is no obstacle in front of the robot, all three sensors S1, S2 and S3 are off. This means that the robot has no obstacles ahead and hence the bot can move forward till it detects any obstacle (by triggering of any sensors).To make a robot move forward, both the motors M1 and M2 are rotated in same direction.

Case 2 :Obstacle detected on right side:

When the robot encounters an obstacle in the front right side, the sensor S3 detects the presence of it and triggers an signal. Now to avoid the obstacle the robot has to turn left. The motor M2 is rotated in the forward direction and M1 is slowed down or stopped. as a net effect the robot turns left and avoids the collision to the obstacle on the right side of the robot.

Case 3: Obstacle on the Left side:

When the robot encounters an obstacle in the front left side, the sensor S1 detects the presence of it and triggers an signal. Now to avoid the obstacle the robot has to turn left. The motor M1 is rotated in the forward direction and M2 is slowed down or stopped. As a net effect the robot turns right and avoids the collision to the obstacle on the left side of the robot.

Case 4: Obstacle in front of the robot:

When the robot encounters an obstacle right in front of the robot, this is signaled by all three sensors S1, S2 and S3. In this situation the robot cannot navigate further and hence a default turn towards right or towards left must be made. Also to be sure that the robot doesn't collide, a sharp turn is made by rotating M2 in reverse direction and M1 in forward direction.

DIfferential drive mechanism

What is Differential drive?

The term differential means difference between two entities, in the context of robotics it is just the speed difference between two motors.Based on this speed difference, a robot can be moved in any direction on a 2D layout.

Why use differential Drive mechanism?

Most of the robotic projects seen on the web or around you use this mechanism. The reason behind the popularity is the simplicity and efficiency of this mechanism.

All you will require to make a robot is a pair of motors, a pair of wheels and a castor wheel. Just with these things we can make a robot that can move in all the directions!!! Isn't that cool.?

How does Differential drive work?

When two motors are connected to wheels in one line,opposite to each other(Just like a pair of wheels connected to a single shaft) the speed with which each motor rotates determines the direction of motion. When both the wheels rotate at the same speed the difference between the motors is Zero. This makes the robot move forward in a straight line.The robot can move in reverse direction if the direction of rotation of both the motors are reversed. This will again be in a straight line if the speed difference is zero.

Now changing the speed of any one motor will result in movement in a direction away from the straight line. For example, reducing the speed of the right motor will result in a speed difference and hence change in direction.The resultant force is such that the robot turns right. This direction change can be controlled to required angle by further reducing the speed of the motor.Slower is the right motor, sharper is the turn to right. This is exactly the same for Left turn.

As a conclusion, Slower right motor, sharper right turn. Slower left motor Sharper left turn. Below are some scenarios which explains working of differential drive mechanism.M1 and M2 are motors which drive wheels on left and right respectively.

Case 1: M1 and M2 rotating forward at the same speed.

As there is no speed difference between the motors, the torque is produced in equal quantity on both the wheels, which makes the robot moves forward. To make the robot move in reverse direction, the direction of both the motors should be reversed and rotating as same speed. This makes the robot move in reverse direction.

Case 2: M1 forward and M2 backward at the same speed.

Now the motors rotate at same speed but in opposite direction. This results in torque which is equal in magnitude but opposite in direction. Since the wheels are displaced away from the center of the robot, there is a turning effect on the robot. This causes the robot to turn as if the center of the robot if fixed to the ground.The center of rotation will be the center of line where motors are mounted to the robot.

With M1 forward and M2 reverse, robot turns right.

With M2 forward and M1 reverse, robot turns left.

Case 3: M1 and M2 forward with M2 slower than M1.

In this case the motor M1 rotates faster than M2, which causes a lesser torque on the right wheel and hence the robot starts turning towards right.The robot rotates with the wheel on the right as the center of rotation.

Case 4: M1 and M2 forward with M1 slower than M2.

In this case the motor M2 rotates faster than M1, which causes a lesser torque on the Left wheel and hence the robot starts turning towards right.The robot rotates with the wheel on the left as the center of rotation.

Note:
When the motors and wheels are mounted as seen above, make sure the weight of the robot is distributed on the side where castor wheel is fixed, else the chassis of the robot touches the ground.
As an alternative, fix castor wheel on the rear side of the robot also. Else shift the motors away from the center towards the rear side of the robot.